An aortic aneurysm is a bulge or weakening in the wall of the aorta, the major artery from the heart. This condition usually occurs in the abdominal section of the aorta, although it can also occur in the thoracic section (the chest). Risk factors include atherosclerosis, hypertension, genetics and inflammation.

 
An aneurysm can rupture, resulting in profuse bleeding. This is a life-threatening situation and can lead to death within minutes. Aortic aneurysms rarely cause symptoms and are usually found during tests for other conditions. Methods of detection include X-ray, MRI, CT scan, echocardiography or abdominal ultrasound.

If an aneurysm is detected when it is small and asymptomatic, it is generally treated with blood pressure medications and periodically evaluated for changes. Larger aneurysms are treated with surgery. The aneurysm is removed and the damaged section of blood vessel is replaced with an artificial graft. Minimally invasive techniques involving the catheter-based placement of an endovascular stent or graft are becoming more prevalent for patients who meet certain criteria.  

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